Subject-Verb Agreement

Every Sentence must has a subject and verb.subject &  
verb  in sentence must agree in Person and Number.
That means, when subject is singular in sentence, verb is also is singular Or Subject is plural in sentence .verb is plural.


Example:  1.The boy plays football.  (singular verb)

                 2.The boys play football.  (Plural verb)
 
                [singular verb require s/es]

Rule: 1) singular subject accept singular verb

Example: 1.The Headmaster wants to speak to you.

              2. He is a good boy

Rule1.A)Books name ,Subject name,country names seems plural but its to be singular.so verb will here singular

Example: 1) Cultural studies   gives a new meaning of culture(Subject name)

                2) The United States has a big Navy. (country name)


Rule:2.Plural subject accept plural Verb.

        Example:1)The boys play football.


        

Sentence

Sentence is a group of words when express any meaning is called sentence.

                                   Example: I am a student. 

 I, am, a, student are particular words but when they use in format and express meaning that called sentence.

Note: when a group of words can not express meaning is can not be called sentence.

That means every sentence express meaning.
                           Sentence Format:                         

  Example:   I     play  football            lastday
                    sub  verb complement    modifier   


Note:Complement and Modifier are not compulsory in every Sentence  

Subject: Subject is the agent of the sentence. It can be person or thing .Subject is responsible for the action of sentence.
According to normal format of a sentence SUBJECT,place before the verb.
Note:Subject can be a single noun word or a noun phrase. 

 Example:1.She is very beautiful   
                  Subject 
                 2.John  is reading the book.
                    Subject
In example  1 and 2He ,and JOHN are subject and the place before Verb.

Example:3. The book is on the table
                  Subject
In example 3 THE BOOK is noun phrase. 

Verb: Verb follows the subject.Verb describe the action of a sentence .This is main part of a sentence.
Verbs place after the Subject Verbs can be a single words or verbs phrase.
Note:Every sentence in English must have a verb.

 Example:He eats rice.
                        Verbs
In this sentences Eats a verbs.Eats describe the action of the sentence
Example:1.I am eating rice.
                       verb phrase
In example AM Eating is verb phrase.

Complement:A complement completes the verb.It is same as subject.It is also noun or noun phrase.it is placed after the verb.
Note: Every sentence does not require a complement.
Remember that complement can not begin with preposition.A complement answer the question WHAT and WHOM.
Example:I eat rice (What do i eat?)
               They called mary yesterday(Whom did they called?)
In sentence RICE  MARY complete sentence. What I eat.

Modifier: A modifier tells the time ,Place ,or manner of the verb.modiffier can be place anywhere of the sentence.
Note:Every sentence does not require a modifier Answer the question WHEN, WHERE,HOW

Example:John bought a book at the bookstore
                                                        Modifier 

In this sentence AT THE BOOKSTORE  is modifier because 
its tell the buying place.

Modal Auxiliaries Part 3

Will/would

A. Will/would is used to indicate future event.

For Example:

       1. Mary will leave in January.

       2. I will go to Dhaka

B. Would can also used to mean past time habit

For Example:

       1. When john was young, He would swim once a day.

C. Will/would also used to indicate general request & Courteous

   1. Would you please not worry?

USED TO

Used to indicate past habit.

(Remember that used to always in this from. it can never be use to)

For Example:

      1. He used to ride bicycle

      2. NOT   he use to ride bicycle.

      (Example 2 is wrong sentence because use to is not right from)

There are two rules of using used to

A. Express past habit

    (Subject + used to +verb in simple from)

For Example:

           1. He used to eat dinner at five o’clock

           2. When I was young, I used to swim every day.

B. Express regular habit

 (Subject+ be +used to+verb+ing)

For Example:

       1. John is used to swimming every day

MUST

Must is used to indicate complete obligation .There are no choice for person to chose any thing without this choice.

For Example:

    1.   We must obey our parents

           2.  John must call his insurance agent today

Must used to indicate assume & decision making

 A. To indicate regular present action must is used

              (Must +verb in simple from)

                 For Example:

                     1. John is very responsible boy. He must keep it.

B. To indicate present continuous action  must is used

    (Must+ be verb+ing)

     For Example:

       1. John is very herd worker. He must be kept it.

C. To indicate past action must is used

   (Must +have +verb in past participle)

        For Example:

    1. Now John has got the highest marks in the class .she must have studied hard

Modal Auxiliaries part 2

 In Modal Auxiliaries part 1 we saw the fundamental rules that helps us to use Modal Auxiliaries.Now we start use of Modal Auxiliaries .

CAN
Can is used to express Ability,permission & possibility.
         For Example:
                           1.I can do the sum (Ability)

                           2.Can i use your pen?(permission)

                           3.It can be the best of all (possibility)

COULD 
A. Could is the past from of 'Can' which is expressed permanent Ability of Past .
            For Example:
                               1.He could work 15 hours a day.

B.In past we use 'was/were able to 'or manage to' instead of 'can/could' when we only a work had done.
            For Example:
                           1.He managed to pass the test.(NOT he could pass the test.)
                           2.He was able to pass the test
                           3.He could not pass the test.
 
C.Could is also used to request 
             For Example:
                           1. I have a headache .could you buy some aspirine for me?

MAY/MIGHT
A.may/might is used to mean possibility 
              For Example:
                           1.It may rain today(may be)
                           2.It maight rain today(it will possible)

B.May/Might  also used to permission
        For Example:
                           1.May i come in sir
C. You guess something in present
        For Example:

                     1. They may/might be watching tv (may/might be + ing) present continuous

D.You guess something in past (may/might have +v.p.p)
          For example:
                          1.You might have heard about Milton

Modal Auxiliaries part 1

Modal Auxiliaries  are very important for admission test,job & any competitive exams.it's also helps you to improve your speaking skill.so very careful about Modal Auxiliary .

 We can not express our thought only tense .Modal Auxiliary  helps you to express your thought completely
Almost all admission,job & any competitive exams show you some modal Auxiliary question . so very careful about modal Auxiliaries .

   lets start Modal auxiliaries :

Modals are auxiliary verb .it is used with main verb that helps main verb to express additional meaning.

              Example :I    can     do   the work
                                  m.a    m
Modal verb used as Auxiliary verb but its have deference Characteristic  that defer from Auxiliary  verb.Now, we learn the fundamental rule of Modal Auxiliary that helps us  to identify  Right  answer

1.To make interrogative Modal Auxiliary placed before subject.to make interrogative its not need any  additional operating verb (do,does,did) .

                              Example:1. could you like some biscuit.[NOT did you could like some biscuit.]
    
                                     2. can i go now?[not do i can go now]

2.Modal Auxiliaries not need s/es in spite of subject 3rd person singular number.

                            Example: Raju will go.[NOT raju wills go.]
                            He can do the sum[NOT He cans do the sum]

3.After the Modal Auxiliary placed the verb  must be in BASE from

             Example:she would confess that she loved you.
                               [NOT she would CONFESSED that she loved you.]

                         He can do the sum [Not He can done the sum]

4.To  make negative its accept   NOT direct .to make negative its not need any  additional
operating verb (do,does,did)
                         Example: You should not go there. [Not you do not should go there

                        He can not do the sum[NOT  he can DO Not do the sum]

Here we practice  some Modal Auxiliary include Rule 1,2,3,4.

1.You should not ------spoken so harshly.

   A)had                              B)be

  C)have had                        C)have


2.I would -------accept the offer

A)like                     B)wish

C)rather                   C)however

3. I think all drivers -------seat belts.
    
   A) had better wear       B) had better to wear
    
   C) should wear             D) could better to wear

4.He -------not wait for us

A)need                   B)needs

C)do not need         D)none of this

5. There is plenty of time.You--------hurry.

   A) mustn't                       B) may not

   C) don't have to               D)none

 At first we practice some Modal Auxiliaries that help you to improve your English ability for any competitive exams.

Select the Correct Answer:

1. You must------of helen keller.
    
   A) hear                      B) head
    
   C) have heard             D) hearing

2. I think all drivers -------seat belts.
    
   A) had better wear       B) had better to wear
    
   C) should wear             D) could better to wear

3. I would -------accept the offer.
   
    A ) like                         B) wish 
   
    C) rather                       D) however

4. There is pently of time.You--------hurry.

   A) mustn't                       B) may not

   C) don't have to               D)none

5. he need   not    to     go  there
          (A)    (B)   (C)   (D)

6. You should not -----spoken so harshly.
  
   A) had                  B) be 


C) have had             D)have

7. No man can ----alone.

   A)live                  B)lives

  C)living                  C)lived

8. He -------not wait for us

A)need                   B)needs

C)do not need         D)none of this

9.birds will----in the morning

A)chirp                   B)have chirped

C)chirping                D)be chirping

10. A lot -----to the house before we can move in 

A)needs be doing     B)needs done

C)needs doing           D) needs to do